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Performance Specifications

All performance specifications stated, including but not limited to, pump-down rates and vacuum levels make the following assumptions:

  • The Vacuum Chamber is empty.
  • The Vacuum Chamber and other system components are clean and dry.
  • The System is being operated at Sea Level
  • The ambient temperature is 18°C +/- 2°C
  • All system components, including those not supplied by Abbess, are appropriate for the system and are functioning properly.
  • The specifications are not impacted by the properties of your product.

If you require performance specifications for conditions other than those listed above, it is vital that you make this known to Abbess Instruments in writing.  Generally Abbess Instruments recommends choosing chamber and pumping system qualities capable of achieving a theoretical vacuum at least an order of magnitude better than the desired operational vacuum. 

It is to be noted that a specification described as '10-5 Torr' is a range, and means the clean, empty, dry chamber system is capable of reaching some undetermined value between 1.0x10-5 and 9.9x10-5 Torr: The (clean, empty, dry) chamber is deemed compliant whether its As-Built base vacuum is 1.0x10-5 Torr or 9.9x10-5 Torr. It does not mean that the chamber is guaranteed to reach every level within that range.


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Call or email us with questions, configurations, or customizations
Phone: (508) 881 8811 Fax: (508) 881 4884
Note: Prices are subject to change without notice. For accurate quotes, please fill out the RFQ form or call/email us.

References: Conversions, Data Sheets etc.

Vacuum Conversion Factors

From Inches of Hg

  • to Atmospheres multiply by 0.0334211
  • to Bars multiply by 0.0338639
  • to mm of Hg multiply by 25.4 (Torrs=1mmHg)
  • to Grams/sq. cm multiply by 34.5316
  • to pounds/sq. ft multiply by 70.7262

       
From Atmospheres

  • to Bars multiply by 1.01325
  • to mm of Hg multiply by 760
  • to Grams/sq. cm multiply by 1033.23
  • to Pounds/sq. inch multiply by 14.6960
  • to Torrs multiply by 760
  • to Ft of H2O multiply by 33.8995

References and Data Sheets for Applications:

Quartz Properties GE124 and GEO12
Altitude vs. Pressure, Temperature and Density Data Sheet

Cast Acrylic Properties
Better known by name brands such as Plexiglass, Acrylite, Chemcast, Methacrylates, etc. Acrylic plastic offers durability and is an excellent substitute for glass, acetate, polycarbonate or PVC when one is looking for transparency or translucency. It is half the weight of glass and 45% the weight of aluminum. Maximum Service Temperature, Air 65 - 112 °C 149 - 234 °F  Average = 94.5°C; Transmission, Visible 92%.

Specifying Degassing Vacuum and Temperature

Use these tools to help figure out what vacuum and temperature you should be specifying for your vacuum process:
 
Boiling Point Calculators
i) (low vacuum) http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/chemistry/solvents/learning-center/nomograph.html
ii) http://www-jmg.ch.cam.ac.uk/tools/magnus/boil.html
                                                                              
Energy Conversion Tool http://www.colby.edu/chemistry/PChem/Hartree.html 
 
Database of Properties of Common Laboratory Solvents
i) http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/chemistry/solvents/learning-center/nomograph.html
ii) http://www2.onu.edu/~b-myers/organic_solvents.html
 
Note that our most basic chambers are designed for 10-4 Torr operation. Refer to Table 1: Chamber Material Choices for more detail. In reality, the designed operational pressure will be adversely affected by, if nothing else, outgassing of customer’s product (and inadequate cleaning and preconditioning), and the customer should specify accordingly. Pumps should be chosen with ultimate pressures an order of magnitude better than the desired process pressure. Refer to our pump page for the ultimate pressure of available pumps (our most economical pumps are specified at 25 mTorr, whereas 10-4 Torr is the lowest rated pump without going to a Turbo system).

O-Ring Material Options

Material
Recommended Use
Not Recommended For
Mechanical Properties
Buna-N  (Nitrile)
Standard: 70 Durometer Black
Temperature Range: -35ºF to 250ºF
Least Expensive / Readily Available
Silicone Greases / Oils
Water
Petroleum Oils / Fuels
Ethylene Glycol Fluids
Ketones (MEK)
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids
Strong Acids
Sunlight, Ozone,  Weathering

Good Wear Resistance
Good Compression Set Resistance
Good Short-Term Resilience
Good Permeation Resistance
Viton®  (Fluorocarbon Type A)
Standard: 75 Durometer Black Temperature Range: -15ºF to 400ºF
Vacuum
Most Acids / Chemicals
Halogenated Hydrocarbons
Di-Ester Lubricants
Petroleum Oils / Fuels
Silicone Oils / Greases
Ketones (MEK)
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids
Amines (Ammonia)
Acetone, Skydrol, Ethyl Acetate
Hot Water and Steam
Low Molecular Esters and Ethers

Good Wear Resistance
Excellent Comp. Set Resistance
Moderate Short-Term Resilience
Excellent Permeation Resistance
Silicone
Standard: 70 Durometer Orange Temperature Range: -65ºF to 450ºF
Dry Heat
Wide Temperature Range
Sunlight, Ozone,  Weathering
Odorless and Non-Toxic
Ketones (MEK)
Acids
Silicone Oils
Brake Fluids

Poor Wear Resistance
Excellent Comp. Set Resistance
Poor Short-Term Resilience
Excellent Permeation Resistance
EPDM  (Ethylene Propylene)
Standard: 70 Durometer Black Temperature Range: -60ºF to 250ºF
Sunlight, Ozone,  Weathering
Hot Water and Steam
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids
Some Acids and Bases
Ketones and Alcohols
Plumbing
Petroleum Oils
Fuels

Good Wear Resistance
Good Comp. Set Resistance
Moderate Short-Term Resilience
Good Permeation Resistance
Chemraz® / Kalrez® / Simriz® (Perfluoroelastomer)
Various Compounds  Designed for Specific Applications Temperature Range: -10ºF to 615ºF
High Temperature Resistance
Excellent Chemical Resistance
Low Out Gassing
Chlorine Wet/Dry
Petroleum Oil
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
Molten metals
Gaseous Alkali Metals
Halogenated Freons/Fluids
Uranium Hexafluoride

Good Wear Resistance
Good Comp. Set Resistance
Moderate Short-Term Resilience
Good Permeation Resistance
Material
Recommended Use
Not Recommended For
Mechanical Properties
Neoprene® (Chloroprene)
Standard: 70 Durometer Black Temperature Range: -35ºF to 250ºF
Refrigerants (Freon)
Ammonia
Some Petroleum Oils
Dilute Acids
Silicone ester Lubricants
Ketones (MEK)
Gasoline
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids

Good Wear Resistance
Moderate Comp. Set Resistance
Moderate Short-Term Resilience
Good Permeation Resistance
Urethane
Standard: 90 Durometer Translucent Temperature Range: -65ºF to 200ºF
Drive Belts
Some Petroleum Oils
Some Hydrocarbon Fuels
Oxygen / Ozone
Ketones (MEK)
Acids
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
Water

Excellent Wear Resistance
Poor Comp. Set Resistance
Excellent Short-Term Resilience
Fluorosilicone
Standard: 70 Durometer Blue Temperature Range: -80ºF to 450ºF
Jet Fuel
Dry Heat
Wide Temperature Range
Some Petroleum Oils
Chlorinated Solvents
Ketones (MEK)
Phosphate Esters
Some Acids
Auto / Aircraft Brake Fluids
Amines (Ammonia)

Poor Wear Resistance
Moderate Comp. Set Resistance
Moderate Short-Term Resilience
Poor Permeation Resistance
Teflon Encapsulated
O-Ring Covered with Teflon Tube Usually Silicone or Viton®
Depends on O-Ring Core
Chemical Resistance
Heat Resistance
Depends on O-Ring Core
Good Wear Resistance
Good  Short-Term Resilience
Good Permeation Resistance
Teflon®
Standard: Non-Elastic White Temperature Range: -250ºF to 450ºF
Chemical Resistance
Fuel Resistance
Low Coefficient of Friction
Non-Elastic
 
Good Wear Resistance
Low Coefficient of Friction

Viscosity: Liquid Analogs

Viscosity @ Room Temperature (cP) 

Source: http://www.centreflow.ca/2009/10/26/laying-it-on-thick/ and Imperial Oil